Web Hosting – DNS
New domain names are registered all the time, and ones previously registered expired. Sometimes that’s the result of simple neglect. But those networks are pointless without the one part that forms what is called their ‘end-nodes’, otherwise known as computers. Those computers often need to share information because the people who use them want to share information.But, in a system where there are millions of separate computers, how can you enable them all to communicate? One very important feature of that solution is performed by something called DNS, the Domain Name System.
When you choose to change your domain name, there are actually two separate steps involved: releasing the old name, and adopting the new one.That’s a numeric identifier that uniquely specifies a particular ‘node’, such as a computer, a router that directs traffic or other component. They look like this: 209.131.36.158But those numbers are more difficult for people to remember and work with. They also aren’t very attractive from a marketing perspective. So, a naming system was layered on top of some of them, mostly the computers involved, though routers have names, too.
One IP address can serve multiple domain names and one domain name can have multiple IP addresses. For the sake of simplicity, we’ll stick to the common case here.That’s carried out by several different pieces of the system: Name Registrars, DNS Servers and other components.The Name Registrars, overseen by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) and other international bodies, provide and keep track of domain names. When you register with GoDaddy or any of a hundred other intermediate companies, ultimately that information makes its way into a number of specialized databases stored inside DNS Servers.
A series of complex routines allows a request to be forwarded when the particular DNS server doesn’t have a needed record. In many cases, there are a number of them between your browser and the remote computer you want to share information with.Suppose you request information from, say, Yahoo’s site by clicking on a link on their site. DNS resolves (translates) the name of WHO IS making the request and OF WHOM, to addresses, then passes the request through the network to the requested IP address. The requested data is then passed back through the mesh of network components to your computer and displayed in your browser.
In order to communicate efficiently, DNS servers are designed to assume that changes will be relatively rare. DNS servers translate names into IP addresses and the requests for data are forwarded on.In some cases those DNS servers are part of a specialized network computer whose sole job is to do the translation and forwarding. In other cases the DNS software may reside on a server that also houses a database of general data, or stores email, or performs other functions.But however complicated the chain or the parts, the basic process is simple. Translate the name to an address, just as the postal system does. Whether international or local, your name is associated with an address, and the deliveries are made to the address, then forwarded to a particular name.
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